Regional Economic Outlook, October 2011 Western Hemisphere: Shifting Winds, New Policy Challenges.
- Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, 2011.
- 1 online resource (93 p.)
- Regional Economic Outlook. .
Despite the recent deterioration in the global economic environment, projections for the region involve only a modest worsening of the outlook. The October 2011 Regional Economic Outlook: Western Hemisphere cautions, however, that there are severe downside risks. A sharp slowdown in Asia, for example in response to a recession in advanced economies, could impact commodity prices, with negative effects on Latin American commodity exporters. With global monetary policy likely to remain accommodative, capital flows could exacerbate overheating and amplify vulnerabilities in emerging markets. Countries with strong real linkages to the United States face a somewhat weaker outlook and should give priority to reducing public debt. Although much of the Caribbean is recovering from a prolonged recession, the outlook remains constrained by high public debt and weak tourism flows. This issue finds that policies can play an important role in mitigating the economic impact of terms-of-trade shocks, and underscores the need to rebuild policy buffers.
35.00 USD
2071-4165
10.5089/9781616351304.086
Access to market.
Account deficits.
Aggregate demand.
Agricultural exports.
Annual budget.
Average inflation.
Balance of payments.
Balancing act.
Barriers to entry.
Budget deficits.
Budget rigidities.
Budgetary institutions.
Capital expenditure.
Capital expenditures.
Central bank.
Changes in trade.
Commodity exporters.
Commodity prices.
Current account balance.
Debt service.
Debt service burdens.
Domestic consumption.
Domestic demand.
Domestic investment.
Dynamic effects.
Exchange rate regime.
Exchange rate regimes.
Expenditure cuts.
Expenditure growth.
Export diversification.
Export prices.
Export structure.
Exporting countries.
External credit.
External finance.
External financing.
External position.
External shocks.
External trade.
Financial stability.
Fiscal accounts.
Fiscal adjustment.
Fiscal balance.
Fiscal consolidation.
Fiscal consolidation efforts.
Fiscal consolidations.
Fiscal contraction.
Fiscal data.
Fiscal drag.
Fiscal expansion.
Fiscal expenditures.
Fiscal forecasts.
Fiscal framework.
Fiscal frameworks.
Fiscal gap.
Fiscal imbalances.
Fiscal incentives.
Fiscal indicators.
Fiscal management.
Fiscal objectives.
Fiscal outcomes.
Fiscal outlook.
Fiscal performance.
Fiscal policies.
Fiscal policy.
Fiscal position.
Fiscal positions.
Fiscal pressures.
Fiscal profligacy.
Fiscal reporting.
Fiscal resources.
Fiscal response.
Fiscal responsibility.
Fiscal responsibility law.
Fiscal responsibility laws.
Fiscal risks.
Fiscal rule.
Fiscal rules.
Fiscal savings.
Fiscal side.
Fiscal stance.
Fiscal stimulus.
Fiscal surpluses.
Fiscal sustainability.
Fiscal targets.
Fiscal tightening.
Fiscal variables.
Foreign currency.
Formal sector.
Global growth prospects.
Global shocks.
Global supply.
Government expenditures.
Idiosyncratic shocks.
Impact of trade.
Import duties.
Import duty.
Import price.
Import prices.
Importing countries.
Independent monetary policy.
Inflation.
Inflation rates.
Inflation-targeting.
International standards.
Investment goods.
Loose fiscal policy.
Macroeconomic performance.
Marginal reserve requirements.
Medium-term fiscal framework.
Medium-term fiscal sustainability.
Monetary aggregates.
Monetary conditions.
Monetary frameworks.
Monetary policies.
Monetary policy.
Multiple sources.
Mutual funds.
Negative spillovers.
Net commodity importers.
Net exporter.
Net exports.
Oil prices.
Open economies.
Output growth.
Preference erosion.
Primary deficit.
Primary expenditure.
Primary fiscal balance.
Protection measures.
Prudent fiscal management.
Public debt.
Public expenditure.
Public expenditures.
Public finances.
Real exchange rates.
Real interest rate.
Regulatory framework.
Reserve holdings.
Reserve requirement.
Reserve requirements.
Short-term debt.
Spending cuts.
Structural fiscal.
Tax administration.
Tax burden.
Tax collections.
Tax concessions.
Tax credits.
Tax incentives.
Tax rates.
Tax reductions.
Tax reform.
Tax revenues.
Tax system.
Taxation.
Terms of trade.
Terms of trade shock.
Terms of trade shocks.
Terms-of-trade shocks.
Tradable goods.
Trade changes.
Trade openness.
Trade preferences.
Trade protection.
Trade shock.
Trade shocks.
Trade structure.
Unemployment rate.
Vulnerability to shocks.
Wholesale price.
World economy.
Antigua and Barbuda.
Brazil.
Canada.
Chile.
Colombia.
Dominican Republic.
Latin America.
Mexico.
Peru.
United States.
Uruguay.
332 / REG 2011
Despite the recent deterioration in the global economic environment, projections for the region involve only a modest worsening of the outlook. The October 2011 Regional Economic Outlook: Western Hemisphere cautions, however, that there are severe downside risks. A sharp slowdown in Asia, for example in response to a recession in advanced economies, could impact commodity prices, with negative effects on Latin American commodity exporters. With global monetary policy likely to remain accommodative, capital flows could exacerbate overheating and amplify vulnerabilities in emerging markets. Countries with strong real linkages to the United States face a somewhat weaker outlook and should give priority to reducing public debt. Although much of the Caribbean is recovering from a prolonged recession, the outlook remains constrained by high public debt and weak tourism flows. This issue finds that policies can play an important role in mitigating the economic impact of terms-of-trade shocks, and underscores the need to rebuild policy buffers.
35.00 USD
2071-4165
10.5089/9781616351304.086
Access to market.
Account deficits.
Aggregate demand.
Agricultural exports.
Annual budget.
Average inflation.
Balance of payments.
Balancing act.
Barriers to entry.
Budget deficits.
Budget rigidities.
Budgetary institutions.
Capital expenditure.
Capital expenditures.
Central bank.
Changes in trade.
Commodity exporters.
Commodity prices.
Current account balance.
Debt service.
Debt service burdens.
Domestic consumption.
Domestic demand.
Domestic investment.
Dynamic effects.
Exchange rate regime.
Exchange rate regimes.
Expenditure cuts.
Expenditure growth.
Export diversification.
Export prices.
Export structure.
Exporting countries.
External credit.
External finance.
External financing.
External position.
External shocks.
External trade.
Financial stability.
Fiscal accounts.
Fiscal adjustment.
Fiscal balance.
Fiscal consolidation.
Fiscal consolidation efforts.
Fiscal consolidations.
Fiscal contraction.
Fiscal data.
Fiscal drag.
Fiscal expansion.
Fiscal expenditures.
Fiscal forecasts.
Fiscal framework.
Fiscal frameworks.
Fiscal gap.
Fiscal imbalances.
Fiscal incentives.
Fiscal indicators.
Fiscal management.
Fiscal objectives.
Fiscal outcomes.
Fiscal outlook.
Fiscal performance.
Fiscal policies.
Fiscal policy.
Fiscal position.
Fiscal positions.
Fiscal pressures.
Fiscal profligacy.
Fiscal reporting.
Fiscal resources.
Fiscal response.
Fiscal responsibility.
Fiscal responsibility law.
Fiscal responsibility laws.
Fiscal risks.
Fiscal rule.
Fiscal rules.
Fiscal savings.
Fiscal side.
Fiscal stance.
Fiscal stimulus.
Fiscal surpluses.
Fiscal sustainability.
Fiscal targets.
Fiscal tightening.
Fiscal variables.
Foreign currency.
Formal sector.
Global growth prospects.
Global shocks.
Global supply.
Government expenditures.
Idiosyncratic shocks.
Impact of trade.
Import duties.
Import duty.
Import price.
Import prices.
Importing countries.
Independent monetary policy.
Inflation.
Inflation rates.
Inflation-targeting.
International standards.
Investment goods.
Loose fiscal policy.
Macroeconomic performance.
Marginal reserve requirements.
Medium-term fiscal framework.
Medium-term fiscal sustainability.
Monetary aggregates.
Monetary conditions.
Monetary frameworks.
Monetary policies.
Monetary policy.
Multiple sources.
Mutual funds.
Negative spillovers.
Net commodity importers.
Net exporter.
Net exports.
Oil prices.
Open economies.
Output growth.
Preference erosion.
Primary deficit.
Primary expenditure.
Primary fiscal balance.
Protection measures.
Prudent fiscal management.
Public debt.
Public expenditure.
Public expenditures.
Public finances.
Real exchange rates.
Real interest rate.
Regulatory framework.
Reserve holdings.
Reserve requirement.
Reserve requirements.
Short-term debt.
Spending cuts.
Structural fiscal.
Tax administration.
Tax burden.
Tax collections.
Tax concessions.
Tax credits.
Tax incentives.
Tax rates.
Tax reductions.
Tax reform.
Tax revenues.
Tax system.
Taxation.
Terms of trade.
Terms of trade shock.
Terms of trade shocks.
Terms-of-trade shocks.
Tradable goods.
Trade changes.
Trade openness.
Trade preferences.
Trade protection.
Trade shock.
Trade shocks.
Trade structure.
Unemployment rate.
Vulnerability to shocks.
Wholesale price.
World economy.
Antigua and Barbuda.
Brazil.
Canada.
Chile.
Colombia.
Dominican Republic.
Latin America.
Mexico.
Peru.
United States.
Uruguay.
332 / REG 2011
